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mRNA Vaccine Design Issue – What Are Off-Target Proteins? What are the off-target proteins produced by mRNA vaccines? Can these proteins cause harm? What is the mechanism of their production? Let’s review the mechanisms today. An article on University of Cambridge contains this statement, “Researchers have discovered that misreading of therapeutic mRNAs by the cell’s decoding machinery can cause an unintended immune response in the body. They have identified the sequence within the mRNA that causes this to occur and found a way to prevent ‘off-target’ immune responses to enable the safer design of future mRNA therapeutics.”